For molecular modelers, one of the pressing challenges is transforming NMR-derived structures into high-quality, energy-minimized models suitable for deposition in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) or downstream projects. Often, dealing with non-standard residues, protein-ligand complexes, or missing atom details adds an additional layer of complexity.
This is where the Molecular Restrainer, an extension of the SAMSON integrative molecular design platform, offers a streamlined solution. Designed in collaboration between the Orts Group at the University of Vienna and OneAngstrom, this extension simplifies energy minimization with compatible restraints, eliminating the need for complex topology files or custom force-field files.
Why NMR-Derived Structures Need Refinement
Molecular structures derived from NMR experiments often contain imperfections that need careful refinement. These imperfections could include non-standard residues, incomplete terminal groups, or incompatibilities in topology files for force field assignment. Without an effective tool, these challenges often require tedious and time-consuming manual intervention, creating bottlenecks in research workflows.
How Does Molecular Restrainer Solve the Problem?
Molecular Restrainer leverages the Universal Force Field (UFF) and integrates NOE-derived distance restraints from CYANA’s .upl files to minimize the energy of NMR ensembles. It supports batch processing and works seamlessly with both standard and non-standard residues, offering a faster route to ready-to-publish structures.

Step-by-Step Refinement Workflow
Simplifying the complex process of energy minimization, Molecular Restrainer enables modelers to achieve superior results through just a few steps:
- Prepare your Data: Load the NMR ensemble or structure into SAMSON and keep the matching
.uplfile generated by CYANA ready. - Set the Structure: Select the input trajectory or structure in the document view and click on Set. This identifies the working set for minimization.
- Load Restraints: Under the Restraints tab, add your
.uplfile containing the upper distance limits derived from CYANA. The extension automatically applies pseudoatoms based on standard residue rules for accurate restraint mapping. - Refine: Press Start to initiate energy minimization. The results folder will include minimized structures, energy logs, and unsatisfied restraints.

Key Advantages of Molecular Restrainer
- No topology files needed: By using UFF, the tool removes the requirement for specialized parameter files.
- Batch support: Entire NMR ensembles can be processed in one run, accelerating workflows.
- Completeness checks: Features like “Fix N- and C-termini” ensure no missing atoms hinder energy minimization.
- Visualization: Restraints are visualized as bonds, changing color depending on satisfaction levels—red for high energy, green for low.
- Versatility: Works with standard and non-standard residues, protein-ligand complexes, and supports adapting to other restraint formats beyond CYANA.
Conclusion
Using Molecular Restrainer in SAMSON allows you to overcome the tedious challenges of preparing NMR-derived structures for publication. With its ability to work across molecular types and its ease of use, it saves time and streamlines your molecular modeling projects. Learn more by exploring the official Molecular Restrainer documentation.
SAMSON and all SAMSON Extensions are free for non-commercial use. Get SAMSON today at https://www.samson-connect.net.
